Physicists Verified The Half-Century Theory Of The Rotation Of Black Holes

Physicists verified the half-century theory of the rotation of black holes

Physicists verified the half-century theory of the rotation of black holes. Physicists at the University of Glasgow and the University of Arizona have experimentally verified a half-century theory that started as speculation about how an advanced alien civilization could use a spinning black hole to generate power.

In 1969, British mathematical physicist Roger Penrose proposed a method of extracting energy from a spinning black hole, now known as the Penrose superdress. He suggested that a highly advanced, perhaps alien, civilization might one day extract energy from a spinning black hole and then release a mass from a structure that is co-rotating with the black hole.

In 1971, Belarusian theoretical physicist Yakov Zelovich translated this idea from a spinning superdrive from a spinning black hole to a spinning absorber like a metal cylinder. He proposed that the 'twisted' light waves, doubling the surface of the rotating cylinder at the correct speed, are eventually reflected by excess energy drawn from the cylinder's rotation, which is due to rapid due to the rotational Doppler effect.

But Zeldovich's ideas have only remained within the scope of the theory since 1971, because to work, a proposed metal cylinder would have to rotate at least a billion times in a second. Schematic diagram of the team's experiment: 16 loudspeakers are arranged in a ring (diameter - 0.47 m) to form an OAM sound field, channel, and rotating sound disks using acoustic waveguides to a small area (diameter - 0.19 m). Foam (s) that absorbs events. The absorbent disc also carries two very close microphones (M) (2 cm apart).

The microphones transmit your data via Bluetooth for live data acquisition during rotation; The inserts indicate the different configurations used in the experiments for spinning disks and absorbent foam: the left inserts are co-rotating auxiliary disks with microphones and absorbers; In the center to the left, the absorber separates and remains stationary.

While the microphones rotate; In the right central box, the absorber is placed in front of one of the only two microphones; The correct insertion, the absorber is completely removed and the microphones rotate. Now, Professor Daniel Fascio, Professor Miles Padgate, and their colleagues have finally created a system that uses a small ring of speakers to make a curve in the sound waves corresponding to the curve in the light waves proposed by Zaledovich.

Those twisted sound waves were directed at a spinning sound absorber made of foam disks. A set of microphones from the back of the disc sounded from the speaker as it passed through the disc, continuously increasing its spin speed. What the author was trying to hear to discover that Penrose and Zeldovich's theories were correct was a specific change in the frequency and amplitude of the sound waves as they traveled through the disc.

Which was due to that tremor of the effect shock absorber. . First author Marion Cromb, a PH, stated: The linear version of the Doppler effect is familiar to most people, as the event occurs like the tone of an ambulance siren, when it approaches the listener, but collapses.. D. Student at the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Glasgow.

This increase appears to be due to the fact that sound waves are reaching the listener more and more as the ambulance is close, and at least passes.

The rotational Doppler effect is similar, but the effect is limited to a spherical space. Rotation is measured from the point of view of the surface.

The twisted sound waves change their pitch. If the surface rotates fast enough, the frequency of the sound can do something very strange. It can move from a positive to a negative frequency, and doing so steals some energy from the surface rotation. As the speed of the spinning disk increases during the course of the experiment.

The pitch of the speaker sound falls until it is reduced to hearing. Then the tone rises again until it reaches its previous tone. But louder, with an amplitude of 30% higher than the original sound coming from the speakers.

"What we heard during our experiment was extraordinary," said Cromb. What is happening is that the frequency of the sound waves shifts Doppler as the spin speed increases. When sound resumes, it is because the waves have changed from positive frequency to negative frequency.

Those negative frequency waves are able to draw some energy from the spinning foam disk, getting louder in the process, as Zelodovich proposed in 1971. "We can experimentally verify some very strange physics after the theory was first proposed in fifties. The team's work was published in the journal Nature Physics.

The half-century-old black hole theory

The half-century-old black hole theory, which its creator said can only be tested by an alien or advanced civilization, is 'verified' by Scottish scientists. A team of Scottish researchers has claimed to verify a theory decades ago about one of the biggest mysteries in space.

Scientists at the University of Glasgow Physics and Astronomy say they have demonstrated Roger Penrose's 1969 theory that energy can turn into a black hole. He used sound waves in an attempt to validate "extremely strange physics" 51 years after the theory was first proposed.

At the time, Mr. Penrose stated that the theory could only be tested by an advanced or possibly foreign civilization due to technical limitations. The theory was first coined half a century ago (Getty Images). He demonstrated that energy can be created by dropping an object like a rocket into a black hole and dividing the object in two. He said that after reaching half, the rotation of the black hole will regain energy.

He said that energy can be stored and used worldwide, but that the engineering challenges posed by the experiment cannot be taken in time. In 1971, physicist Yakov Zeldovich suggested that the theory could be tested with twisted light waves on a rotating surface. An artist's impression showing up close a supermassive black hole.

To prove that the spinning surface would still have to rotate at least a billion times more due to engineering limitations, an achievement is not yet possible. Now researchers in Glasgow say they have found a way to demonstrate the effect using sound waves, requiring a much slower rotating surface. Using a ring of loudspeakers, the researchers sent a rotating wave of sound to a rotating foam disk.

Astronomers find the closest black hole to Earth and is 25 miles wide. Two microphones were attached to the back of the disc, which they found that as sound waves passed through the disc, the pitch increased by 30 percent, known as the rotational Doppler effect. Lead article author Marion Cromb said: The linear version of the Doppler effect is familiar to most people.

An incident occurs when an ambulance siren sounds because it reaches the listener but falls. This increase appears to be due to the fact that sound waves are reaching the listener more and more as the ambulance is close, and at least passes. The pirate star around a black hole demonstrates Albert Einstein's theory.

He said: The rotational Doppler effect is similar, but this effect is limited to a spherical space. Twisted sound waves change their pitch when measured from the point of view of a rotated surface. "If the surface rotates fast enough, the frequency of sound can do something very strange:

It can go from a positive frequency to a negative frequency, and in doing so, it steals some energy from the rotation of the surface. During the experiment, the researchers discovered that the tone of the sound wave collided with the spinning disk, dropping it until it was lowered to listen.

Astronomers discover 'food source' for supermassive black hole. Then when it was happening it was 30 percent higher than the original pitch. Professor Daniel Fascio, co-author of the article, said: We have been able to experimentally verify some very strange physics in the half century since this theory was first proposed.

It is strange to think that we can confirm a half-century theory with cosmic origins in our laboratory in western Scotland, but we believe that it will open up many new avenues of scientific exploration. We are eager to see how we can investigate the effects on various sources, such as electromagnetic waves, in the near future.