 |
| Paleontologists rewrote the enzyme fish of the carboniferous period |
Paleontologists rewrote the enzyme fish of the carboniferous period. A team of US paleontologists has redefined the morphology of a long-nosed radiated fin fish called Tanrahinichthys mcallisteri and created a more complete and accurate reconstruction of the fish as a living animal.
Tanyrhinichthys mcallisteri was the most common bottom cruiser hunter in common ecomorphology for modern sturgeon. Tanyrhinichthys mcallisteri lived in an estuary environment in present-day Mexico, United States, about 300 million years ago (coal period).
The fish was 15 to 20 centimeters long and had sharp teeth. It was first described in 1984 by paleontologist Michael Gottfried of Michigan State University from a single specimen collected from the Kinney Brick Quarry.
"It appears that someone found a fish and was dragged in front of its skull," said Jack Stack, a researcher with the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Michigan State University.. Pennsylvania.
"Many modern fish species, ranging from swordfish to sailors, have a protruding snout in front of them, often aiding hunting ability. But this feature is very rare in ancient fish." Many more specimens of Tanyrhinichthys mcallisteri were found in the same quarry.
In a new study, Stack and colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania, Maryland - National Capital Parks and Planning Commission, and the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science examined these specimens in detail and studied other species during the same period.
"It sounds very simple, but it is obviously difficult to execute because the fossils are flat when preserved," Stack said. Have scientists observed a pike-like conception of Tenrychthynis mcallisteri?
While a pike has a long snout with its jaw at the end, allowing it to move its prey, Tanrahinichthys mcallisteri has a long snout with its jaw at the bottom. "The complete shape of this fish is similar to that of other downstream residents," Stack said.
The team observed channel-shaped structures in the snout of Tanrahinichthys mcallisteri, centered on the top of its head, suggesting locations where the sensory organs would join. "These can detect vibrations that allow fish to consume their prey," said Dr. Lauren Sallan, a paleontologist with the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and the Department of Biology at the University of Pennsylvania.
Scientists have noted that many of the species living in similar environments had long snouts. "It also makes sense because it was an estuary environment where large rivers flow, stirring the water and making it messy," said Dr. Said Sallan. "Instead of using your vision, you should use these other sense organs to detect prey."
Despite this, other characteristics of the morphology of the various ancient fish were so different from Tanyrichthys mcallisteri that they do not share a lineage with one another, nor are modern sturgeon surgeons descended from Tanyrichthys mcallisteri. Instead, the long muzzle seems to be an example of convergent evolution, or many different pedigrees come up with the same innovation to adapt well to their environment.
"Our work, and paleontology in general, shows that the diversity of life forms that is evident today has roots that go back to the past," Stack said. The team's results were published in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
 |
| Paleontologists solve the mystery of Ly Tully Monster |
Paleontologists solve the mystery of Ly Tully Monster. A team of paleontologists from the United States has determined that Tullimonstrum grigarium (popularly known as the monster Tully), a large soft-bodied animal from the late Carboniferous biota Mezzan Creek (309 million years ago) in Illinois, had a vertex, with gills and a hard rod that supported his body.
According to the team, T. Gregorium is part of the same lineage as modern lamps. The reconstruction of Tullimonstrum gregarium, as seen 307 million years ago, was floating in the carboniferous sea. Tullimonstrum gregarium, named for Francis Tilly, a fossil hunter who came to the coal mines in northeast Illinois, lived about 307 million years ago during the Carboniferous period. It was discovered in 1958 and scientifically described for the first time in 1966.
According to scientists, 'Tully Monsters' looks like something out of science fiction: aquatic animals with tubes up to a foot (30 cm) in size, slender snakes that end in claws or toothed claws, and at the ends of the eyes. Stem. For many years, paleontologists have been unable to determine what kind of animals these prehistoric 'demons' really are: They were classified as soft invertebrates, with theories ranging from insects to shellless tails. Were.
But in a letter published this week in the journal Nature, Dr. from the University of Leicester. Tallimonstrum announced the Victoria McCoy and Yale University, the American Museum of Natural History, the Argon National Laboratory and the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History. gregarium is actually a vertebrate. Dr. "We had a very clear image of what it looked like, but there was no clear image," McCoy said.
Using a collection of 2,000 specimens of Tullimonstrum gregarium, paleontologists analyzed the morphology and preservation of various characteristics of the animal. Powerful new analytical techniques were also applied, such as synchrotron element mapping, which illuminates an animal's physical characteristics by mapping the chemistry within a fossil.
Scientists concluded that the 'Tully Monster' had gills and a notch, which served as a rudimentary spinal cord. No characteristics were identified in the animal. The morphology and phylogeny of Tolimonstrum Gregorium. Left: T. Phytolania cordon, including Gregorio; Lamp in yellow color; Hagfishes in orange.
"The animal belongs to the innocent fish still present today for a unique combination of traits, including primitive gills, rows of teeth, and a notched mark, a flexible rod-like structure on the back that exists in animals of Cordadas: Including vertebrates like us, "said co-author Dr. Paul Mayer of the Field Museum of Natural History.
"The Tullimonstrum gregarious is so different from his modern relatives that we don't know much about how he lives. He has big eyes and lots of teeth, so he was probably a hunter," said Dr. McCoy. However, some important questions about the 'Talli demons' remain unanswered.
"No one knows when the animal first came to Earth or when it became extinct," the scientists said. "Its existence in the fossil record is limited to the Illinois mining site."
According to scientists, 'Tully Monsters' looks like something out of science fiction: aquatic animals with tubes up to a foot (30 cm) in size, slender snakes that end in claws or toothed claws, and at the ends of the eyes. Stem. For many years, paleontologists have been unable to determine what kind of animals these prehistoric 'demons' really are: They were classified as soft invertebrates, with theories ranging from insects to shellless tails. Were.
But in a letter published this week in the journal Nature, Dr. from the University of Leicester. Tallimonstrum announced the Victoria McCoy and Yale University, the American Museum of Natural History, the Argon National Laboratory and the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History. gregarium is actually a vertebrate. Dr. "We had a very clear image of what it looked like, but there was no clear image," McCoy said.
Using a collection of 2,000 specimens of Tullimonstrum gregarium, paleontologists analyzed the morphology and preservation of various characteristics of the animal. Powerful new analytical techniques were also applied, such as synchrotron element mapping, which illuminates an animal's physical characteristics by mapping the chemistry within a fossil.
Scientists concluded that the 'Tully Monster' had gills and a notch, which served as a rudimentary spinal cord. No characteristics were identified in the animal. The morphology and phylogeny of Tolimonstrum Gregorium. Left: T. Phytolania cordon, including Gregorio; Lamp in yellow color; Hagfishes in orange.
"The animal belongs to the innocent fish still present today for a unique combination of traits, including primitive gills, rows of teeth, and a notched mark, a flexible rod-like structure on the back that exists in animals of Cordadas: Including vertebrates like us, "said co-author Dr. Paul Mayer of the Field Museum of Natural History.
"The Tullimonstrum gregarious is so different from his modern relatives that we don't know much about how he lives. He has big eyes and lots of teeth, so he was probably a hunter," said Dr. McCoy. However, some important questions about the 'Talli demons' remain unanswered.
"No one knows when the animal first came to Earth or when it became extinct," the scientists said. "Its existence in the fossil record is limited to the Illinois mining site."
 |
| Ragmaspis xiphoidea |
Ragmaspis xiphoidea
New species of Jawahir fish revealed in China. A new species, and genus, of armored jaw fish has come to light on Chinese reefs for the Devonian praggy phase. Artistic reconstruction of the 410 young armored fish of Ragamaspis xiphoidea 410 million years old.
The fish, called Rugmaspis ziphodea, belongs to an extinct group of marine fish and freshwater fish characterized by their large and strange shields. According to a study published in the journal Vertebrata Palissicta, the species floated in the Devonian period about 410 million years ago, when dinosaurs lived on Earth.
It had a torpedo-shaped head shield with a "breathing hole" at the top and a sword-shaped nose. The entire fish would have been 2 to 2.8 inches (5–7 cm) long when it was alive. Dr. Zhi-Kun Gai and co-authors from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing discovered rocks in the Posongchong Formation in Yunnan Province, China.
A full head protector from Rugmaspiece xiphoidea. Notation: br.f. Bronchial fossa, The fossil specimen that Ragmaspis xiphoidea that paleontologists use to characterize this new genus and species, comes from many individuals and includes a full head shield and incomplete skull support. Like a streamlined jaw fish, Rugmaspis xiphoidea exhibits an adaptation to a superb lifestyle with more active feeding behavior among gelapids, said Dr. Gai said.
The new shape not only enriches the diversity of Huananaspiformes, but also provides evidence of the eventual adaptive radiation of the Galassipids by occupying an unused ecological space during the early Devonian to Pragian.
0 Comments